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The goal of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology of the Graduate School of Kyung Hee University is to investigate new potentials of Oriental medicinal materials, developing new medicines and cosmetic materials using Oriental medicinal plants. The department has obtained 20,000 Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) from ginseng, Codonopsis lanceolata and other medicinal plants. Pharmaceutically active compounds in ginseng have been transformed, modified and amplified by mass production. Secondary metabolites from Oriental medicinal plants have been isolated, with the chemical structures being determined. The biological and pharmacological activities have been evaluated on pharmaceutically more active minor ginsenosides, which were converted from major ginsenosides by microbial enzymes. New anti-alopecia agents from Oriental medicinal plants have been found, with potential medicines and cosmetic products for alopecia being developed. Recently, the research field has been expanded to new natural product for diabetes mellitus, diabetic complications, and auditory disorder. The department concentrates on molecular level work on Oriental medicinal plants, trying to extract pharmaceutically active compounds and develop potential medicines, functional foods, and cosmetics.